ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA AND FAIDHERBIA ALBIDA IN TRADITIONAL BONE SETTING IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA.

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Calotropis procera and Faidherbia albida on the anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extracts of the plant in experimental animal model. The phytochemical composition of these plants was also evaluated using standard methods and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).  The results revealed acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of Calotropis procera and Faidherbia albida to be safe even at 5000mg/kg. In the acute anti-inflammatory model, the plant extract at 1000, 3000 and 5000mg/kg was able to reduce the paw oedema by 16.2%, 15.3% and 20.6% Calotropis procera and 1.5%, 2.2%, and 5.3% in Faidherbia albida at the end of 3hr.that the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and carbohydrates in all samples. The ethanolic extracts of the plants were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), identifying 32 bioactive compounds in Calotropis procera with four major bioactive compounds including; Glycerin (C₃H₈O₃), Dodecanoic acid, methyl ester (C₁₃H₂6_O2), Tetradecanoic acid, ethyl ester (C₁₆H₃₂O₂), and Decanoic acid, ethyl ester (C₁₂H₂₄O₂). and 22 bioactive compounds in Faidherbia albida, having Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (C₁₇H₃₄O₂), 9,17-Octadecadienal, (Z)- (C₁₈H₃₂O), 9,11-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E,E)- (C₁₉H₃₄O₂), and 4-Nonyne (C₉H₁₆) as major bioactive compounds. The study concludes that ethanolic extracts from Calotropis procera and Faidherbia albida leaves show potential in treating inflammatory conditions, thus supporting their traditional use.