Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of Green synthesized Selenium Nanoparticles from Citrus sinesis Seed extract

Abstract

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of Green Synthesized Selenium Nanoparticles from Citrus sinesis seed extract. Esew Onyeyirichi1, Husaina Garba Anchau1, Mas’ud Ja’afar Musa1, Buhari Dauda Basawa1, Saheed Ademola Ibraheem1. Scientific and Industrial Research Department, National Research Institute For Chemical Technology (NARICT), Zaria Nigeria. *Corresponding Author: onyeesew@gmail.com (+2348037001218). ABSTRACT Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) is an essential tool for characterizing the surface chemistry of nanoparticles. In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was synthesized via green synthesis approach using Citrus sinesis seed extract as both reducing and stabilizing agents. FTIR analysis was carried out to identify the functional groups responsible for the bio-reduction of selenium ions and subsequent stabilization of the nanoparticles. The spectra revealed characteristic peaks corresponding to O–H stretching vibrations (~3387.11 cm⁻¹), C=O stretching (~1793.86 cm⁻¹), and C–O stretching (~1080.17 cm⁻¹), suggesting the presence of phenolic compounds, proteins, and polysaccharides in the reduction and capping processes. Significant shifts and intensity changes in these peaks compared to the pure extract indicated the involvement of these biomolecules in selenium nanoparticles synthesis and stabilization. This study demonstrates that FTIR analysis provides essential insights into the successful biosynthesis of stable SeNPs, contributing to understanding their enhanced stability and bioactivity. These findings support the eco-friendly production of selenium nanoparticles for potential applications in biomedicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation. Key words: Selenium, Nanoparticle, FTIR, Green synthesis, functional group.