Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B (HBsAg) among Attendees of Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital Kware, Sokoto State

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) remain critical public health challenges globally, particularly in Nigeria, where both infections exhibit high prevalence. This study was aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and HBV among attendees of the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Kware, Sokoto State, while assessing associated socio-demographic factors and psychiatric diagnoses. A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 200 participants (159 males and 41 females) recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to capture socio-demographics, knowledge, and attitudes, while blood samples were analyzed using rapid diagnostic tests for HIV and HBV. From this study, total number of patients assessed is 200 which was made up of 159 male and 41 female. The most prevalent age group for male is 30-40 and that of female is 21-30. The educational background of the patient is mostly secondary school for male and no formal education for female. Marital status for both male and female indicated married subjects are more in number (female = 28, male =78). The most abundant tribe is Hausa (140=male, 35 = female), followed closely by Fulani (14=male, 4=female). The prevalence rate of the HIV and HBV is 0.5 % and 0.5 % respectively. The most common diagnosis of the patient is schizophrenia (70/200), Mental and Behavioral Disorder (30/200) and Bipolar Affective Disorder (21/200).

Keywords: Seroprevalence, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B (HBsAg), Neuro-Psychiatric.